Digital Twin Software and Digital Product Passport

A digital twin is the digital representation of a machine, plant or product, including master data, live data and history. The digital product passport is a standardized subset that makes origin, materials, repairability and recycling information available along the supply chain. Software in this category creates, manages and shares both, often based on the asset administration shell.

  • Director Ecosystem ctrlX World, Bosch Rexroth AG
  • Schmitz Cargobull
  • Head of IT, Techem Gruppe

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Who offers it

Digital twin & product passport in practice

3 manufacturers from our partner network with 26 solution examples. Those with the most documented use in this category come first.

What to look for

Digital twin and product passport

A digital twin brings together everything known about a physical object: technical data, documentation, configuration, current operating data and the history of maintenance and changes. Depending on the purpose, it ranges from a structured product record to a simulation-ready model of an entire production line that lets teams test processes in advance. In the Industry 4.0 context, the asset administration shell (AAS, IEC 63278) is the standard for describing such twins in a machine-readable, vendor-neutral way.

The digital product passport (DPP) is a legally required part of this. The EU Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR) requires products to carry digital information on materials, origin, repair and recycling, accessible for example via a QR code. Delegated acts for each product group define which data is required and from when. The first passport to apply is the battery passport under the EU Battery Regulation. In practice, a twin often grows step by step: first nameplate and documentation, then operating data and finally sustainability data for the product passport.

How it differs from platforms and integration products

IoT platforms and IT/OT integration products transport and store data. Software for digital twins and product passports gives this data a standardized structure and makes it usable for customers, suppliers and authorities. The primary purchase reason is therefore data exchange across company boundaries, for example for Manufacturing-X or compliance with EU requirements.

What to look for when choosing

Important points are support for the asset administration shell and its submodels, interfaces to ERP, PLM and the IoT platform, and access and role concepts so that each party sees only the data intended for it. For the product passport, unique identifiers, data carriers such as QR codes or RFID, and the connection to suppliers who provide material data all matter. Examples from the network include XITASO with Mnestix for the asset administration shell, KURZ Digital Solutions for the digital product passport and SYNAOS for digital twins in production and intralogistics. The solution examples show how companies got started.

Frequently asked questions about digital twin software

What is a digital twin?

A digital twin is the digital representation of a physical object such as a machine, plant or product. It contains master data and documentation, current operating data from sensors and the history of maintenance and changes. This makes it possible to analyze condition and behavior, simulate processes and share data with partners. In industry, it is often described in a standardized way using the asset administration shell.

What is the EU digital product passport?

The EU digital product passport is a digital record that provides information on a product's materials, origin, repairability and recycling, typically accessible via a QR code. It is based on the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), in force since July 2024. Requirements apply product group by product group through delegated acts. The battery passport under the EU Battery Regulation is the first to become mandatory, from February 2027.

What are the digital product passport requirements?

Requirements depend on the product group and are set in delegated acts under the ESPR. In general, each product needs a unique identifier, a data carrier such as a QR code, and data that may cover materials, substances of concern, environmental footprint, repair and recycling, depending on the product group. Access must be role-based, so customers, repairers and authorities each see the information intended for them. The passport must remain available for the period set in the delegated act.

How does the asset administration shell relate to digital twins?

The asset administration shell (AAS, IEC 63278) is the standard for describing an industrial digital twin in a vendor-neutral way. It organizes an asset's data into submodels, for example for nameplate, technical data, documentation or carbon footprint. Because each submodel has a uniform structure, systems from different vendors can read the data without custom interfaces. Many digital product passport solutions are also built on it.

How do you choose digital twin software?

Start with the purpose: documentation and data exchange, simulation of processes, or live monitoring of plants. Then check support for standards such as the asset administration shell, interfaces to ERP, PLM and IoT platforms, and access control for sharing data with partners. Scalability across many assets and the effort needed to model them matter as well. Solution examples help to compare approaches that work in practice.

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